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SELECT 
  b.variant_name, 
  a.*, 
  IF(
    shared_option_variants.variant_id IS NOT NULL, 
    shared_option_variants.modifier, 
    a.modifier
  ) as modifier, 
  IF(
    shared_option_variants.variant_id IS NOT NULL, 
    shared_option_variants.modifier_type, 
    a.modifier_type
  ) as modifier_type 
FROM 
  cscart_product_option_variants AS a 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_product_option_variants_descriptions AS b ON b.variant_id = a.variant_id 
  AND b.lang_code = 'ru' 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_ult_product_option_variants shared_option_variants ON shared_option_variants.variant_id = a.variant_id 
  AND shared_option_variants.company_id = 1 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND a.option_id IN (
    1261, 1052, 1262, 1086, 1053, 1085, 1078, 
    1260, 1083, 836
  ) 
  AND a.status = 'A' 
ORDER BY 
  a.position, 
  a.variant_id

Query time 0.00146

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "143.56"
    },
    "ordering_operation": {
      "using_filesort": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "sort_cost": "91.00"
      },
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "shared_option_variants",
            "access_type": "system",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "company_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 0,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 1,
            "filtered": "0.00",
            "const_row_not_found": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "0.00",
              "eval_cost": "0.10",
              "prefix_cost": "0.00",
              "data_read_per_join": "24"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "variant_id",
              "company_id",
              "modifier",
              "modifier_type"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "a",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "status",
              "option_id",
              "option_id_2"
            ],
            "key": "option_id",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "option_id",
              "status"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 91,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 91,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "index_condition": "((`primapearl_r_new`.`a`.`option_id` in (1261,1052,1262,1086,1053,1085,1078,1260,1083,836)) and (`primapearl_r_new`.`a`.`status` = 'A'))",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "34.36",
              "eval_cost": "9.10",
              "prefix_cost": "43.46",
              "data_read_per_join": "106K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "variant_id",
              "option_id",
              "position",
              "modifier",
              "modifier_type",
              "weight_modifier",
              "weight_modifier_type",
              "point_modifier",
              "point_modifier_type",
              "status",
              "yml2_variant",
              "external_id"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "b",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "variant_id",
              "lang_code"
            ],
            "key_length": "9",
            "ref": [
              "primapearl_r_new.a.variant_id",
              "const"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 91,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "0.00",
              "eval_cost": "9.10",
              "prefix_cost": "52.56",
              "data_read_per_join": "69K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "variant_id",
              "lang_code",
              "variant_name"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

variant_name	variant_id	option_id	position	modifier_type	weight_modifier_type	point_modifier_type	status
16	6752	836	10	P	A	A	A
16	8696	1052	10	P	A	A	A
16	8705	1053	10	P	A	A	A
16	8930	1078	10	P	A	A	A
16	8975	1083	10	P	A	A	A
16	8993	1085	10	P	A	A	A
16	9002	1086	10	P	A	A	A
16	10568	1260	10	P	A	A	A
16	10577	1261	10	P	A	A	A
16	10586	1262	10	P	A	A	A
16,5	6753	836	20	P	A	A	A
16,5	8697	1052	20	P	A	A	A
16,5	8706	1053	20	P	A	A	A
16,5	8931	1078	20	P	A	A	A
16,5	8976	1083	20	P	A	A	A
16,5	8994	1085	20	P	A	A	A
16,5	9003	1086	20	P	A	A	A
16,5	10569	1260	20	P	A	A	A
16,5	10578	1261	20	P	A	A	A
16,5	10587	1262	20	P	A	A	A
17	6754	836	30	P	A	A	A
17	8698	1052	30	P	A	A	A
17	8707	1053	30	P	A	A	A
17	8932	1078	30	P	A	A	A
17	8977	1083	30	P	A	A	A
17	8995	1085	30	P	A	A	A
17	9004	1086	30	P	A	A	A
17	10570	1260	30	P	A	A	A
17	10579	1261	30	P	A	A	A
17	10588	1262	30	P	A	A	A
17,5	6755	836	40	P	A	A	A
17,5	8699	1052	40	P	A	A	A
17,5	8708	1053	40	P	A	A	A
17,5	8933	1078	40	P	A	A	A
17,5	8978	1083	40	P	A	A	A
17,5	8996	1085	40	P	A	A	A
17,5	9005	1086	40	P	A	A	A
17,5	10571	1260	40	P	A	A	A
17,5	10580	1261	40	P	A	A	A
17,5	10589	1262	40	P	A	A	A
18	6756	836	50	P	A	A	A
18	8700	1052	50	P	A	A	A
18	8709	1053	50	P	A	A	A
18	8934	1078	50	P	A	A	A
18	8979	1083	50	P	A	A	A
18	8997	1085	50	P	A	A	A
18	9006	1086	50	P	A	A	A
18	10572	1260	50	P	A	A	A
18	10581	1261	50	P	A	A	A
18	10590	1262	50	P	A	A	A
18,5	6757	836	60	P	A	A	A
18,5	8701	1052	60	P	A	A	A
18,5	8710	1053	60	P	A	A	A
18,5	8935	1078	60	P	A	A	A
18,5	8980	1083	60	P	A	A	A
18,5	8998	1085	60	P	A	A	A
18,5	9007	1086	60	P	A	A	A
18,5	10573	1260	60	P	A	A	A
18,5	10582	1261	60	P	A	A	A
18,5	10591	1262	60	P	A	A	A
19	6758	836	70	P	A	A	A
19	8702	1052	70	P	A	A	A
19	8711	1053	70	P	A	A	A
19	8936	1078	70	P	A	A	A
19	8981	1083	70	P	A	A	A
19	8999	1085	70	P	A	A	A
19	9008	1086	70	P	A	A	A
19	10574	1260	70	P	A	A	A
19	10583	1261	70	P	A	A	A
19	10592	1262	70	P	A	A	A
19,5	6759	836	80	P	A	A	A
19,5	8703	1052	80	P	A	A	A
19,5	8712	1053	80	P	A	A	A
19,5	8937	1078	80	P	A	A	A
19,5	8982	1083	80	P	A	A	A
19,5	9000	1085	80	P	A	A	A
19,5	9009	1086	80	P	A	A	A
19,5	10575	1260	80	P	A	A	A
19,5	10584	1261	80	P	A	A	A
19,5	10593	1262	80	P	A	A	A
20	6760	836	90	A	A	A	A
20	8704	1052	90	A	A	A	A
20	8713	1053	90	A	A	A	A
20	8938	1078	90	A	A	A	A
20	8983	1083	90	A	A	A	A
20	9001	1085	90	A	A	A	A
20	9010	1086	90	A	A	A	A
20	10576	1260	90	A	A	A	A
20	10585	1261	90	A	A	A	A
20	10594	1262	90	A	A	A	A